How to use kmod-rt73
This page contains useful information for rt73 wireless driver on CrisOs.
Follows rt73 README :
====================
INVOCATION
====================
Load the driver:
$ insmod rt73 [ifname=<name>] [debug=<mask>] [firmName=<file>]
<name> is the name of the device and defaults to "wlan%d". If more
than one adapter is installed, successive devices will be named
wlan0, wlan1, etc. If you wish to use a different scheme - say
eth*, and there are already wired ethernet devices named eth0 and
eth1, then specifying <name> as "eth%d" gives the adapter the name
"eth2".
<mask> is a decimal or hex number. See TESTING file. Ignored if
driver compiled without debug support.
<file> is the name of a firmware file and defaults to "rt73.bin"
if omitted. Only the basename - not the full path - may be
specified.
Start it up:
$ ifconfig wlan0 up
$ iwlist wlan0 scan
If everything is ok, you should see a list of surrounding Access
Points. It means you can jump to the configuration section. Otherwise,
check out the following install notes...
_________
NOTES:
* Firmware file (rt73.bin)
The rt73 chipset uses a firmware file which is loaded in device
memory using the kernel firmware_class facility. 'make install'
copy the firmware file to the standard firmwares location:
/lib/firmware.
However some linux distributions divert from the standard and e.g.
use /lib/firmware/<KERNEL_VERSION>. If this is your case, you will
have to manually move the firmware file to the right location.
If you have problems with firmware loading, please ask on your
distro's support media (forum, etc).
* Driver alias
rt73 uses wlan* as its modprobe alias. This means you can have
several devices and they will be named wlan0, wlan1, etc.
If for some reason you want this interface number 'static' (e.g.
if you have several wlan devices and their numbers change on
reboot) you can change the rt73 alias in /etc/modprobe.d/ralink
(2.6 kernels) or /etc/modules.conf (2.4 kernels) back to wlan0 (or
wlan1, etc).
However the proper way to achieve this purpose is to use a udev
rule based on the wlan MAC address, for example:
KERNEL=="wlan*", SYSFS{address}=="00:de:ad:be:ef:00", NAME="wlan0"
(See:
http://www.reactivated.net/writing_udev_rules.html#example-netif)
* Module parameters
You can load the rt73 module with two optional parameters:
firmName=<FILE_NAME> Use another firmware file.
debug=<DEBUG_MASK> Set debug verbosity (see below).
==============================
Wireless Station Configuration
==============================
The wlan interface should be configured using standard wireless
extension tools.
MANUAL CONFIG:
1. Set the interface mode and bring it up
# iwconfig wlan0 mode managed
# ifconfig wlan0 up
2. Set your target network / Access Point
If you just want to join a wireless network, set its ESSID:
# iwconfig wlan0 essid <ESSID>
If you want to associate with a specific AP, set its MAC
address:
# iwconfig wlan0 ap <BSSID>
3. Set encryption if needed
a) WEP (802.11b)
Choose the authentication mode (open/restricted):
# iwconfig wlan0 key open
Or:
# iwconfig wlan0 key restricted
Set the encryption key:
# iwconfig wlan0 key <KEY>
b) WPA (802.11g)
Set the authentication mode:
# iwpriv wlan0 set AuthMode=WPAPSK
Set the encryption key:
# iwpriv wlan0 set WPAPSK=<KEY>
Set the encryption type:
# iwpriv wlan0 set EncrypType=TKIP
c) WPA2 (802.11i)
Set the authentication mode:
# iwpriv wlan0 set AuthMode=WPA2PSK
Set the encryption key:
# iwpriv wlan0 set WPAPSK=<KEY>
Set the encryption type:
# iwpriv wlan0 set EncrypType=AES
4. Check that you're associated with an AP
# iwconfig wlan0
If everything's ok, you can now configure the wlan0 interface
statically or dynamically (DHCP). If you need more wireless config
details and examples (Adhoc mode e.g.), see iwpriv_usage.txt (see
below). Otherwise, read the following config notes...
_________
NOTES:
* Auto-load on boot
If you want your device to come up on boot the best is to use your
specific linux distribution's tools (boot scripts, etc).
If you need support doing so, ask on your distro's support media.
* wpa_supplicant
wpa_supplicant is a userland WPA/WPA2/802.1X layer. This driver is
not compatible with it. As most wpa_supplicant features are
embedded into our driver, you should not need it though.
If you need to use a feature that only wpa_supplicant provides:
- either use our next-generation rt2x00 driver which
is compatible with wpa_supplicant
- or patch wpa_supplicant to make it work with rt73 (more info:
http://mjh.name/Ralink_rt73_wpa_supplicant_rt2x00_wpa2)
==================
Misc. information
==================
* hostapd
hostapd allows your wlan device to act like an Access Point. Legacy
drivers are _not_ compatible with it, but our next-generation
rt2x00 drivers are.
* Network auditing
Our drivers allow you to peform in-depth wireless network auditing.
Most of the following settings require that you bring the
interface down beforehand.
You can set a custom MAC address as you would do for any other
ethernet interface:
# ifconfig wlan0 hw ether <MAC_ADDRESS>
You can put your wlan interface in promiscuous mode as you would
do for any other interface:
# ifconfig wlan0 promisc
You can put your interface in monitor mode and have it listen to all
802.11 frames around:
# iwconfig wlan0 mode monitor
You can also inject 802.11 frames on the fly. To enable injection,
run:
# iwpriv wlan0 rfmontx 1
* Testing / debugging
If you experience any driver related problem you can ask for
support on our mailing list or our legacy driver forum.
Before asking for help, read the TESTING file and follow its
advice. Do *not* post messages like: "wlan does not work. please
help!".
This is iwpriv_usage.txt:
iwpriv
=================
This is detailed explanation of each parameters for iwpriv.
Before reading this document, make sure you already read README.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
USAGE_1:
iwpriv wlan0 set [parameters]=[val]
NOTE:
Execute one iwpriv/set command simultaneously.
DESCRIPTION
[parameters] [val] /{range}
----------------- -------------------------------------------------
CountryRegion {0~7}
::Set country region
0: 1 ~ 11 ch
1: 1 ~ 13 ch
2: 10, 11 ch
3: 10 ~ 13 ch
4: 14 ch
5: 1 ~ 14 ch
6: 3 ~ 9 ch
7: 5 ~ 13 ch
CountryRegionABand {0~10}
::Set country region for A band
0: 36, 40, 44, 48, 52, 56, 60, 64, 149, 153, 157, 161, 165 ch
1: 36, 40, 44, 48, 52, 56, 60, 64, 100, 104, 108, 112, 116, 120, 124, 128, 132, 136, 140 ch
2: 36, 40, 44, 48, 52, 56, 60, 64 ch
3: 52, 56, 60, 64, 149, 153, 157, 161 ch
4: 149, 153, 157, 161, 165 ch
5: 149, 153, 157, 161 ch
6: 36, 40, 44, 48 ch
7: 36, 40, 44, 48, 52, 56, 60, 64, 100, 104, 108, 112, 116, 120, 124, 128, 132, 136, 140, 149, 153, 157, 161, 165 ch
8: 52, 56, 60, 64 ch
9: 34, 38, 42, 46 ch
10: 34, 36, 38, 40, 42, 44, 46, 48, 52, 56, 60, 64 ch
SSID {0~z, 1~32 ascii characters}
::Set AP SSID
WirelessMode {0~4}
::Set Wireless Mode
0:11b/g mixed,
1:11B only,
2:11A only
3:11a/b/g mixed,
4:11G only
TxRate {0~12}
::Set TxRate of Infrastructure mode
0:Auto, 1:1Mbps,
2:2Mbps, 3:5.5Mbps,
4:11Mbps, 5:6Mbps,
6:9Mbps, 7:12Mbps,
8:18Mbps, 9:24Mbps,
10:36Mbps, 11:48Mbps,
12:54Mbps
Channel depends on CountryRegion or CountryRegionABand
::Set Channel
BGProtection {0~2}
::Set 11B/11G Protection
0:Auto,
1:Always on,
2:Always off
TxPreamble {0~2}
::Set TxPreamble
0:Preamble Long,
1:Preamble Short,
2:Auto
RTSThreshold {1~2347}
::Set RTS Threshold
FragThreshold {256~2346}
::Set Fragment Threshold
TxBurst {0,1}
::Set TxBurst Enable or Disable
0:Disable,
1:Enable
NetworkType {Infra,Adhoc}
::Set Network type
AdhocOfdm {0~3}
::Set Adhoc Wireless Mode
0: WIFI mode(11b rates only),
1: b/g mixed,
2: 11g only,
3: 11a only
AuthMode {OPEN,SHARED,WEPAUTO,WPAPSK,WPA2PSK,WPANONE}
::Set Authentication Mode
EncrypType {NONE,WEP,TKIP,AES}
::Set Encryption Type
DefaultKeyID {1~4}
::Set Default Key ID
Key1 {5 ascii characters or 10 hex number or
13 ascii characters or 26 hex numbers}
::Set Key1 String
Key2 {5 ascii characters or 10 hex number or
13 ascii characters or 26 hex numbers}
::Set Key2 String
Key3 {5 ascii characters or 10 hex number or
13 ascii characters or 26 hex numbers}
::Set Key3 String
Key4 {5 ascii characters or 10 hex number or
13 ascii characters or 26 hex numbers}
::Set Key4 String
WPAPSK {8~63 ascii or 64 hex characters}
::WPA Pre-Shared Key
PSMode {CAM, MAX_PSP, FAST_PSP}
::Set Power Saving Mode
IEEE80211H {0,1}
::Set IEEE80211H Enable or Disable
0: Disable
1: Enable spectrum management
(This field can be enable only in A band)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
USAGE_2:
iwpriv wlan0 [parameters] [val]
DESCRIPTION
[parameters] [val] range explaination
----------------- ----------------------- ------------------------------------------
auth {1~5} 1:OPEN Authentication Mode
2:SHARED
3:WPAPSK
4:WPA2PSK
5:WPANONE
enc {1~4} 1:NONE Encryption Type
2:WEP
3:TKIP
4:AES
wpapsk {8~64 chars} WPAPSK/WPA2PSK Password
psm {0~2} 0:constantly awake mode (CAM) Power Saving Mode
1:MAX_PSP
2:FAST_PSP
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Examples
=================
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
a> Config STA to link with AP which is OPEN/NONE(Authentication/Encryption)
1. iwpriv wlan0 set NetworkType=Infra
2. iwpriv wlan0 set AuthMode=OPEN
3. iwpriv wlan0 set EncrypType=NONE
4. iwpriv wlan0 set SSID="AP's SSID"
b> Config STA to link with AP and OPEN/WEP(Authentication/Encryption).
Default Key ID = 3
1. iwconfig wlan0 key [3]
2. iwconfig wlan0 key s:abcde
3. iwconfig wlan0 essid "AP's SSID"
c> Config STA to link with AP which is SHARED/WEP(Authentication/Encryption).
1. iwpriv wlan0 set NetworkType=Infra
2. iwpriv wlan0 set AuthMode=SHARED
3. iwpriv wlan0 set EncrypType=WEP
4. iwpriv wlan0 set Key1="AP's wep key"
5. iwpriv wlan0 set DefaultKeyID=1
6. iwpriv wlan0 set SSID="AP's SSID"
d> Config STA to link with AP which is WPAPSK/TKIP(Authentication/Encryption)
1. iwpriv wlan0 set NetworkType=Infra
2. iwpriv wlan0 set AuthMode=WPAPSK
3. iwpriv wlan0 set EncrypType=TKIP
4. iwpriv wlan0 set SSID="AP's SSID"
5. iwpriv wlan0 set WPAPSK="12345678"
6. iwpriv wlan0 set SSID="AP's SSID"
p.s Step 4 is part of generating wpapsk password and is necessary.
e> Config STA to link with AP which is WPAPSK/AES(Authentication/Encryption)
1. iwconfig wlan0 mode managed
2. iwpriv wlan0 auth 3
3. iwpriv wlan0 enc 4
4. iwconfig wlan0 essid "AP's SSID"
5. iwpriv wlan0 wpapsk 12345678
6. iwconfig wlan0 essid "AP's SSID"
f> Config STA to link with AP which is WPA2PSK/TKIP(Authentication/Encryption)
1. iwpriv wlan0 set NetworkType=Infra
2. iwpriv wlan0 set AuthMode=WPA2PSK
3. iwpriv wlan0 set EncrypType=TKIP
4. iwpriv wlan0 set SSID="AP's SSID"
5. iwpriv wlan0 set WPAPSK="12345678"
6. iwpriv wlan0 set SSID="AP's SSID"
g> Config STA to create/link as adhoc mode, which is OPEN/NONE(Authentication/Encryption)
1. iwpriv wlan0 set NetworkType=Adhoc
2. iwpriv wlan0 set AuthMode=OPEN
3. iwpriv wlan0 set EncrypType=NONE
4. iwpriv wlan0 set SSID="Adhoc's SSID"
h> Config STA to create/link as adhoc mode, which is WPANONE/TKIP(Authentication/Encryption)
1. iwpriv wlan0 set NetworkType=Adhoc
2. iwpriv wlan0 set AuthMode=WPANONE
3. iwpriv wlan0 set EncrypType=TKIP
4. iwpriv wlan0 set SSID="AP's SSID"
5. iwpriv wlan0 set WPAPSK=12345678
6. iwpriv wlan0 set SSID="AP's SSID"
i> Get site survey
iwpriv wlan0 get_site_survey
j> Get Statistics
iwpriv wlan0 stat ; read statistic counter
iwpriv wlan0 set ResetCounter=0 ; reset statistic counter
k> Link with any AP without security ; set ANY SSID (ssidLen=0)
usage: iwconfig ra0 essid ""
or
usage: iwpriv ra0 set SSID=""
===================================================================
iwlist
=================
This is detailed explanation of each parameters for iwlist.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
iwlist wlan0 scanning ; list the results after scanning(manual rescan)
=======================================================================================================
iwconfig
=================
The following are our support in standard configuration - iwconfig
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
iwconfig wlan0 essid {NN|on|off} ; set ssid
iwconfig wlan0 mode {managed|ad-hoc|...} ; set wireless mode
iwconfig wlan0 freq N.NNNN[k|M|G]] ; set frequency
iwconfig wlan0 channel N ; set channel
iwconfig wlan0 ap {N|off|auto} ; set ap address
iwconfig wlan0 nick N ; set nickname
iwconfig wlan0 rate {N|auto|fixed} ; set rate
iwconfig wlan0 rts {N|auto|fixed|off} ; set rts threshold
iwconfig wlan0 frag {N|auto|fixed|off} ; set fragment threshold
iwconfig wlan0 enc {NNNN-NNNN|off} ; set encryption type
iwconfig wlan0 power {period N|timeout N} ; set power management modes
iwconfig wlan0 key {[id]|s:pswd|pswd} ; set wep key
*** Please refer to man page of 'iwconfig', 'iwlist' and 'iwpriv'. ***
